The number of long-term international migrants (that is, those residing in foreign countries for more than one year) has grown steadily in the past four decades to an estimated 175 million in 2000.  About 154 million were voluntary migrants, with the remaining 16 million being refugees. Even with the numbers of international migrants large and growing, it is important to keep in mind that only about three percent of the world's population has been living outside of their home countries for a year or longer. The propensity to move internationally, particularly in the absence of compelling reasons such as wars, is limited to a small proportion of humans. International migration intersects with concerns about development, poverty alleviation and population control in a number of ways. Migration is a function of economic and demographic differences among countries, and, depending on the circumstances, migration can stimulate or retard progress in meeting the Millennium Development Goals. Although these interconnections have received new attention in the past few years, there continue to be many research, policy and programmatic issues that require more sustained attention. Following a discussion of the nature of migration, future trends in movements, and the interconnections between migration and development, this paper examines the implications of migration for reproductive health and provides recommendations in four areas: institution strengthening; research priorities; education and training; and service needs of migrants, refugees and trafficking victims.