The Government of the Republic of Zambia, through the Central Statistical Office and the Ministry of Health, National AIDS Council, and the University of Zambia, with technical assistance from MEASURE Evaluation, conducted the 2009 national Zambia Sexual Behaviour Survey, the fifth in a series of such surveys to monitor knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding HIV/AIDS in Zambia.

The survey obtained national estimates of a number of key indicators (including international standardized indicators) important to monitoring progress of the national HIV/AIDS/STDs program. It provides indicators on HIV/AIDS /STI-related knowledge, attitudes, and sexual behavior, as well as information on orphans and vulnerable children, and assistance to households and communities affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic.