In the past several years, there has been a growing international dialogue on the feasibility and desirability of providing integrated family planning (FP) and HIV services. The reasons for offering joint, complementary services are many. Adding FP services to counseling and testing might provide an opportunity to reach populations that do not typically attend FP clinics, such as the sexually active young and unmarried, men, and members of high-risk groups such as sex workers. Adding FP services to care and treatment might facilitate the uptake of contraception by HIV-positive individuals, helping to maintain their health, plan safer pregnancies, and reduce the rate of mother-tochild transmission of HIV. Including HIV services, particularly counseling and testing, in FP services would allow earlier diagnosis and referral to care and treatment. This study was undertaken to provide a "snapshot" of early integration eff orts, in order to provide the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and national programs with information needed to improve integrated services.